Elbow (English name: elbow), also known as 90 degree elbow or right angle bend, is a connecting pipe fitting used in pipeline systems to change the direction of pipelines. It is mainly used in the field of plumbing installation. This pipe fitting can be divided into three commonly used models according to the angle: 45 °, 90 °, and 180 °. It also includes non-standard angles such as 60 ° that meet special engineering requirements. When the bending radius is less than or equal to 1.5 times the pipe diameter, it is defined as an elbow.
The materials of elbows include cast iron, malleable iron, stainless steel, alloy steel, carbon steel, non-ferrous metals, and plastics. The connection methods include direct welding, flange connection, hot melt connection, electric fusion connection, threaded connection, and socket connection. According to the production process, it can be divided into categories such as welded elbows, stamped elbows, push made elbows, and cast elbows. The main implementation standards include GB/T12459-2017 “Steel Butt Welding Pipe Fittings”.
The main production processes include hot pressing forming, stamping forming, and medium plate welding. Among them, the hot pressing process has the characteristics of uniform wall thickness and continuous operation, and has become the main production method for carbon steel elbows. The product needs to undergo surface shot blasting treatment and anti-corrosion paint coating. Export packaging requires individual large items to be packed separately and labeled with dimensional parameters.